---
title: On that same day a little lad who scarce could walk unhelped, Totter… — Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems · tree and pragmatics
description: On that same day a little lad who scarce could walk unhelped, Tottered and crawled away from camp until he lost the path And passed the cold and bitter night afar out in the bush. Who acts: little lad, lad. A sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 14, with its dep
---

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# Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 14, sentence 110

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On that same day a little lad who scarce could walk unhelped, Tottered and crawled away from camp until he lost the path And passed the cold and bitter night afar out in the bush.

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**Who acts:** little lad, lad · **What happens:** walk, unhelp, totter, crawl away, lose, pass · **To what, where:** little lad, camp, path, cold night afar, bush

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This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little lad, lad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78673:14:110
# text = On that same day a little lad who scarce could walk unhelped, Tottered and crawled away from camp until he lost the path And passed the cold and bitter night afar out in the bush.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
3	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	lad	lad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
9	scarce	scarce	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	walk	walk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	acl:relcl	_	_
12	unhelped	unhelp	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	Tottered	totter	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	crawled	crawl	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	_
17	away	away	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
18	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
20	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
21	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	lost	lose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	advcl	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	conj	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
28	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	conj	_	_
31	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	compound	_	_
32	afar	afar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	_
33	out	out	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
34	in	in	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | could | a little lad |  |  |  |  | scarce *nsubj* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **unhelp** | participle · passive |  | a little lad |  |  | day |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **totter** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn body\_internal\_motion-49.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **crawl away** | participle |  |  |  | camp |  | away *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from camp=Trajectory |
| 5 | **lose** | past | lad | the path |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent path=Eventuality |
| 6 | **pass** | past | lad *not said here* | the cold night afar |  | the bush |  | out *property* | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent afar=Theme in bush=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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