---
title: My friend hath taught me how to pass through ways impassable To all… — Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems · tree and pragmatics
description: My friend hath taught me how to pass through ways impassable To all save us.” Who acts: friend. A sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 14, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 14, sentence 55

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My friend hath taught me how to pass through ways impassable To all save us.”

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**Who acts:** friend · **What happens:** teach, pass, save · **To what, where:** me, ways, us

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This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (friend), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78673:14:55
# text = My friend hath taught me how to pass through ways impassable To all save us.”
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	aux	_	_
4	taught	teach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	iobj	_	_
6	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
9	through	through	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
11	impassable	impassable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	_
12	To	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	conj	_	_
14	save	save	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	acl:relcl	_	_
15	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | past | My friend |  | me |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent i=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | My friend *not said here* |  |  | ways |  | impassable *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through way=Location |
| 3 | **save** | infinitive |  |  | us |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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