---
title: At once the beaver swam To shore to their canoes And gnawed with his… — Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems · tree and pragmatics
description: At once the beaver swam To shore to their canoes And gnawed with his sharp teeth Great holes in the birch bark Of which these craft were made. Who acts: beaver. A sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 15, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/15/3/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Kulóskap the master, and other Algonki…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/) / [Opening, part 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/15/) / 3

# Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 15, sentence 3

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At once the beaver swam To shore to their canoes And gnawed with his sharp teeth Great holes in the birch bark Of which these craft were made.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** beaver · **What happens:** swim, gnaw, make · **To what, where:** shore, Great holes, birch bark, craft

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (beaver), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78673:15:3
# text = At once the beaver swam To shore to their canoes And gnawed with his sharp teeth Great holes in the birch bark Of which these craft were made.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	5	obl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	beaver	beaver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	swam	swim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	To	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	shore	shore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	canoes	canoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
11	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	gnawed	gnaw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
15	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
17	Great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	holes	hole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	birch	birch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	bark	bark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
23	Of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	28	obl	_	_
25	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	26	det	_	_
26	craft	craft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj:pass	_	_
27	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux:pass	_	_
28	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swim** | past | the beaver | shore |  |  |  | to their canoes | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme shore=Trajectory |
| 2 | **gnaw** | past | the beaver *not said here* | Great holes |  | the birch bark |  | with beaver's sharp teeth | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hole=Patient |
| 3 | **make** | past · passive |  | this craft |  |  |  | of the birch bark | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/15/2/)
- next →: [sentence 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/15/4/)
- ↑ back to [Opening, part 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/15/)