--- title: In ancient times--this is the tale which oft was told to me-- An Ind… — Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems · tree and pragmatics description: In ancient times--this is the tale which oft was told to me-- An Indian and squaw were out afar in bark canoe When in the current’s swirling waves they right before them saw A wee canoe in which there sat two children, as they thought. Who acts: this, waves, current. A sentence of «Kulóskap the mast --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/16/41/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Kulóskap the master, and other Algonki…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/) / [Opening, part 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/16/) / 41 # Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 16, sentence 41 In ancient times--this is the tale which oft was told to me-- An Indian and squaw were out afar in bark canoe When in the current’s swirling waves they right before them saw A wee canoe in which there sat two children, as they thought. **Who acts:** this, waves, current · **What happens:** be, tell, swirl, see, sit, think · **To what, where:** tale, me, bark canoe, wee canoe, swirling waves, two children · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (this, waves, current), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg78673:16:41 # text = In ancient times--this is the tale which oft was told to me-- An Indian and squaw were out afar in bark canoe When in the current’s swirling waves they right before them saw A wee canoe in which there sat two children, as they thought. 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 ancient ancient ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 4 -- -- PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 5 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 8 nsubj _ _ 6 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 tale tale NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 9 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 12 nsubj:pass _ _ 10 oft oft ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 nsubj:pass _ _ 11 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 aux:pass _ _ 12 told tell VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 8 acl:relcl _ _ 13 to to ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 12 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 15 -- -- PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 An a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 Indian Indian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 parataxis _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 squaw squaw NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj _ _ 20 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 cop _ _ 21 out out ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 22 afar afar ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 appos _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 bark bark NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 compound _ _ 25 canoe canoe NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 26 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 37 advmod _ _ 27 in in ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 current current NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 30 ’s 's PART POS _ 29 case _ _ 31 swirling swirl VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 32 amod _ _ 32 waves wave NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 obl _ _ 33 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 nsubj _ _ 34 right right ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 35 before before ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 conj _ _ 37 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 advcl _ _ 38 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 39 wee wee ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 amod _ _ 40 canoe canoe NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obj _ _ 41 in in ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 42 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 44 obl _ _ 43 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 44 advmod _ _ 44 sat sit VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 40 acl:relcl _ _ 45 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 46 nummod _ _ 46 children child NOUN NNS Number=Plur 44 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 47 , , PUNCT , _ 50 punct _ _ 48 as as SCONJ IN _ 50 mark _ _ 49 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 50 nsubj _ _ 50 thought think VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 44 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 51 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | this | the tale | | | time | | tree rules | | 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past · passive | | the tale | me | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Topic to i=Recipient | | 3 | **is** | past | | | | bark canoe | | afar, out *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **swirl** | gerund | | | | | | | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **see** | past | waves *= wave* | a wee canoe | | the current's swirling waves | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer canoe=Stimulus | | 6 | **sit** | past | | two children | | a wee canoe; there | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent child=Theme in which=Location | | 7 | **think** *speech: other* | past | waves *= wave* | | | | | | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **wave** | | the current | | | | | | nom wave «event transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 40](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/16/40/) - next →: [sentence 42](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/16/42/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/16/)