---
title: While he thought it over his grandson returned Bringing a burden of… — Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems · tree and pragmatics
description: While he thought it over his grandson returned Bringing a burden of birds of the forest, And little singers who live by the rivers: And when they were cooked, and the chief had eaten, Down by the fire he lay on a bear skin, Smoking himself into silent sleep. Who acts: Monimques, grandson, little sin
---

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# Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 17, sentence 92

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
While he thought it over his grandson returned Bringing a burden of birds of the forest, And little singers who live by the rivers: And when they were cooked, and the chief had eaten, Down by the fire he lay on a bear skin, Smoking himself into silent sleep.

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**Who acts:** Monimques, grandson, little singers, chief · **What happens:** think, return, bring, live, cook, eat · **To what, where:** word, little singers, burden, singers, bear skin, Monimques

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This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Monimques, grandson, little singers, chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78673:17:92
# text = While he thought it over his grandson returned Bringing a burden of birds of the forest, And little singers who live by the rivers: And when they were cooked, and the chief had eaten, Down by the fire he lay on a bear skin, Smoking himself into silent sleep.
1	While	while	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	RP	_	3	ccomp	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	grandson	grandson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
9	Bringing	bring	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	burden	burden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	singers	singer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
21	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj	_	_
22	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	acl:relcl	_	_
23	by	by	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	31	punct	_	_
27	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
28	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	31	advmod	_	_
29	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj:pass	_	_
30	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux:pass	_	_
31	cooked	cook	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	chief	chief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nsubj	_	_
36	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	37	aux	_	_
37	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	31	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
39	Down	down	ADV	RB	_	37	advmod	_	_
40	by	by	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obl	_	_
43	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	44	nsubj	_	_
44	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	37	parataxis	_	_
45	on	on	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
46	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
47	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	compound	_	_
48	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	50	punct	_	_
50	Smoking	smoke	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	44	advcl	_	_
51	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	50	obj	_	_
52	into	into	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
53	silent	silent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	54	amod	_	_
54	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
55	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* | past | Monimques | word |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot it=Theme |
| 2 | **return** | past | Monimques's grandson | little singers |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **bring** | gerund | Monimques's grandson *not said here* | a burden of birds of the forest |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent burden=Theme |
| 4 | **live** | present | little singers |  |  |  |  | by the rivers | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by river=Location |
| 5 | **cook** | past · passive |  | singers *= singer* |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 6 | **eat** | past · perfect | the chief |  |  |  |  | down *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **lie** | past | chief |  |  | a bear skin |  | by the fire | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by fire=Location |
| 8 | **smoke** | gerund | chief *not said here* | Monimques |  | silent sleep |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent himself=Source |
| 9 | **burden** |  |  | birds of the forest |  |  |  |  | nom burden «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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