---
title: The leading Chief then spoke as follows: “As we look back upon our b… — Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems · tree and pragmatics
description: The leading Chief then spoke as follows: “As we look back upon our bloodstained trail, we see that many wrongs have been done by all of our people. Who acts: leading Chief, we. A sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 19, with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 19, sentence 101

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The leading Chief then spoke as follows: “As we look back upon our bloodstained trail, we see that many wrongs have been done by all of our people.

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**Who acts:** leading Chief, we · **What happens:** lead, speak, follow, look back, see, do · **To what, where:** many wrongs · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (leading Chief, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78673:19:103
# text = The leading Chief then spoke as follows: “As we look back upon our bloodstained trail, we see that many wrongs have been done by all of our people.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	leading	lead	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	amod	_	_
3	Chief	Chief	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	_
5	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	follows	follow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
9	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	As	as	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	look	look	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	advcl	_	_
13	back	back	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
16	bloodstained	bloodstained	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	trail	trail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
19	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	see	see	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
21	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
22	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	wrongs	wrong	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nsubj:pass	_	_
24	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
25	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	26	aux:pass	_	_
26	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	ccomp	_	_
27	by	by	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	26	obl	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | the leading Chief |  |  |  | then |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **follow** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **look back** *in a quote* | present | we |  |  |  |  | upon our bloodstained trail | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent upon trail=Theme |
| 5 | **see** *in a quote* | present | we |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 6 | **do** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive |  | many wrongs |  |  |  | by all of our people | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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