--- title: I think I have heard my grandmother say: That a color such as I see,… — Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems · tree and pragmatics description: I think I have heard my grandmother say: That a color such as I see, Of red in the sky, means something-- I forget what it is--but it may be A change for the better--or worse! Who acts: I, grandmother, sky. A sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 19, with its dep --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/19/25/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Kulóskap the master, and other Algonki…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/) / [Opening, part 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/19/) / 25 # Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 19, sentence 25 I think I have heard my grandmother say: That a color such as I see, Of red in the sky, means something-- I forget what it is--but it may be A change for the better--or worse! **Who acts:** I, grandmother, sky · **What happens:** think, hear, say, see, mean, forget · **To what, where:** color, grandmother, red, something, change · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, grandmother, sky), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg78673:19:25 # text = I think I have heard my grandmother say: That a color such as I see, Of red in the sky, means something-- I forget what it is--but it may be A change for the better--or worse! 1 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 think think VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _ 4 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 5 heard hear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 2 ccomp _ _ 6 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 grandmother grandmother NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 8 say say VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 9 : : PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 10 That that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 12 det _ _ 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 color color NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 13 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 14 as as ADP IN _ 13 fixed _ _ 15 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 16 see see VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 17 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 18 Of of ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 red red ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 obj _ _ 20 in in ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 sky sky NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 23 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 24 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 parataxis _ _ 25 something something PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 24 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 26 -- -- PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 27 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 28 forget forget VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 conj _ _ 29 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 28 ccomp _ _ 30 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 31 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 cop _ SpaceAfter=No 32 -- -- PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 33 but but CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 34 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 nsubj _ _ 35 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 38 aux _ _ 36 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 38 cop _ _ 37 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 change change NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 conj _ _ 39 for for ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 better good ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 38 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 42 -- -- PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 43 or or CCONJ CC _ 44 cc _ _ 44 worse bad ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 2 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 45 ! ! PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **think** *speech: other* | present | I | that color but a change | | | | | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 2 | **hear** | present · perfect | I | my grandmother | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | infinitive | my grandmother *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **see** | present | I | red in the sky | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer red=Stimulus | | 5 | **mean** | present | | something | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Topic | | 6 | **forget** | present | I | | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **is a** | present | sky | | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **is a** | may | sky | a change | | | | for the better | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/19/24/) - next →: [sentence 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/19/26/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/19/)