---
title: So he kept on a-leaping, But to him there came no comfort, Not even… — Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems · tree and pragmatics
description: So he kept on a-leaping, But to him there came no comfort, Not even the glow of a spark; And being at last aweary He fell in a swoon on the wood-pile, And so he froze to death, And that was the last that winter, Which was heard of him in the land. Who acts: Lox, that, spark. A sentence of «Kulóskap 
---

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# Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 19, sentence 36

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So he kept on a-leaping, But to him there came no comfort, Not even the glow of a spark; And being at last aweary He fell in a swoon on the wood-pile, And so he froze to death, And that was the last that winter, Which was heard of him in the land.

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**Who acts:** Lox, that, spark · **What happens:** keep, come, be, fall, freeze, hear · **To what, where:** leaping, comfort, Lox, swoon, winter, land

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This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lox, that, spark), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78673:19:36
# text = So he kept on a-leaping, But to him there came no comfort, Not even the glow of a spark; And being at last aweary He fell in a swoon on the wood-pile, And so he froze to death, And that was the last that winter, Which was heard of him in the land.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	leaping	leaping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	_
12	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	13	expl	_	_
13	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
14	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	15	det	_	_
15	comfort	comfort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
18	even	even	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	glow	glow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	spark	spark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
25	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
26	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	29	cop	_	_
27	at	at	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	aweary	aweary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
30	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
31	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	ccomp	_	_
32	in	in	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	swoon	swoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
35	on	on	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
37	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	37	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	pile	pile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
41	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
42	so	so	ADV	RB	_	44	advmod	_	_
43	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	44	nsubj	_	_
44	froze	freeze	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
45	to	to	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
46	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	52	punct	_	_
48	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	52	cc	_	_
49	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	52	nsubj	_	_
50	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	52	cop	_	_
51	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
52	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
53	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	58	mark	_	_
54	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
55	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	58	punct	_	_
56	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	58	nsubj:pass	_	_
57	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	58	aux:pass	_	_
58	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	52	advcl	_	_
59	of	of	ADP	IN	_	60	case	_	_
60	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	58	obl	_	_
61	in	in	ADP	IN	_	63	case	_	_
62	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	63	det	_	_
63	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
64	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | Lox |  |  | a leaping |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent on leaping=Location |
| 2 | **come** | past | Lox *not said here* | no comfort | Lox | there |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location comfort=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | gerund | Lox *not said here* |  |  |  |  | aweary *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **fall** | past | Lox |  |  | a swoon |  | on the wood pile | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in swoon=Location |
| 5 | **freeze** | past | Lox |  |  |  |  | to death | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 6 | **is** | past | that |  |  |  |  | last *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **hear** | past · passive |  | winter |  | the land |  | of Lox; Which *nsubj:pass* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus |
| 8 | **glow** |  | a spark |  |  |  |  |  | nom glow «state intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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