--- title: A favorite torture which they frequently practised was to build a la… — Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems · tree and pragmatics description: A favorite torture which they frequently practised was to build a large fire of hemlock coals, into the flames of which they drove their captives, compelling them to walk back and forth over the glowing embers until relieved by death. Who acts: Mohawks, favorite torture. A sentence of «Kulóskap the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/2/46/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Kulóskap the master, and other Algonki…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/) / [Opening, part 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/2/) / 46 # Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 2, sentence 46 A favorite torture which they frequently practised was to build a large fire of hemlock coals, into the flames of which they drove their captives, compelling them to walk back and forth over the glowing embers until relieved by death. **Who acts:** Mohawks, favorite torture · **What happens:** practise, be, drive, compel, walk back, glow · **To what, where:** favorite torture, flames, captives, Mohawks, glowing embers, hemlock coals This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mohawks, favorite torture), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg78673:2:46 # text = A favorite torture which they frequently practised was to build a large fire of hemlock coals, into the flames of which they drove their captives, compelling them to walk back and forth over the glowing embers until relieved by death. 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 favorite favorite ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 torture torture NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 4 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 7 obj _ _ 5 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 6 frequently frequently ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 7 practised practise VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 acl:relcl _ _ 8 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 9 to to PART TO _ 10 mark _ _ 10 build build VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 12 large large ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 fire fire NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 14 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 hemlock hemlock NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 compound _ _ 16 coals coal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 17 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 18 into into ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 flames flame NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obl _ _ 21 of of ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 24 obl _ _ 23 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 24 drove drive VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 20 acl:relcl _ _ 25 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ _ 26 captives captive NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 27 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 28 compelling compel VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 24 advcl _ _ 29 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 obj _ _ 30 to to PART TO _ 31 mark _ _ 31 walk walk VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 28 xcomp _ _ 32 back back ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 34 forth forth ADV RB _ 32 conj _ _ 35 over over ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 37 glowing glow VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 38 amod _ _ 38 embers ember NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 obl _ _ 39 until until SCONJ IN _ 40 mark _ _ 40 relieved relieve VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 31 advcl _ _ 41 by by ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 42 death death NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 43 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **practise** | past | Mohawks *= mohawk* | a favorite torture | | | | frequently *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **is** | past | a favorite torture | | | the flames | | a large fire of hemlock coals *obj*; build *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **drive** | past | Mohawks *= mohawk* | Mohawks's captives | | | | of the flames | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent captive=Theme of which=Trajectory | | 4 | **compel** | gerund | Mohawks *= mohawk* *not said here* | Mohawks *= mohawk* | | | | | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent they=Patient clause=Result | | 5 | **walk back** | to-infinitive | Mohawks *= mohawk* *not said here* | | | the glowing embers | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over ember=Trajectory | | 6 | **glow** | gerund | | | | | | | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **relieve** | participle | Mohawks *= mohawk* *not said here* | | | | | by death | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | | 8 | **fire** | | | hemlock coals | | | | | nom fire «event transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 45](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/2/45/) - next →: [sentence 47](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/2/47/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/2/)