---
title: In pre-Christian times the Passamaquoddies, like their other Algic k… — Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems · tree and pragmatics
description: In pre-Christian times the Passamaquoddies, like their other Algic kindred, were firm believers in the almost unlimited power of their _Mʾdeolinʾwuk_ or wizards, belief in the existence of many of whom still remains, subordinate, of course, to the Catholic doctrine, which nearly all the Indians prof
---

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# Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 3, sentence 44

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In pre-Christian times the Passamaquoddies, like their other Algic kindred, were firm believers in the almost unlimited power of their \_Mʾdeolinʾwuk\_ or wizards, belief in the existence of many of whom still remains, subordinate, of course, to the Catholic doctrine, which nearly all the Indians profess--there being, I am informed, only three or four Protestant Passamaquoddy families.

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**Who acts:** Indians, I · **What happens:** be, remain, subordinate, profess · **To what, where:** unlimited power, Catholic doctrine, three Protestant families

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This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Indians, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78673:3:44
# text = In pre-Christian times the Passamaquoddies, like their other Algic kindred, were firm believers in the almost unlimited power of their _Mʾdeolinʾwuk_ or wizards, belief in the existence of many of whom still remains, subordinate, of course, to the Catholic doctrine, which nearly all the Indians profess--there being, I am informed, only three or four Protestant Passamaquoddy families.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	pre-Christian	pre-christian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Passamaquoddies	passamaquoddy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
9	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
10	Algic	algic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
11	kindred	kindred	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	firm	firm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	believers	believer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
18	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	unlimited	unlimited	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
23	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	Mʾdeolinʾwuk	Mʾdeolinʾwuk	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	24	punct	_	_
26	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	wizards	wizard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
29	belief	belief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	_
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	38	obl	_	_
37	still	still	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	_
38	remains	remain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
40	subordinate	subordinate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	38	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	obl	_	_
43	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	48	punct	_	_
45	to	to	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
46	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
47	Catholic	catholic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	48	amod	_	_
48	doctrine	doctrine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	55	punct	_	_
50	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	55	obj	_	_
51	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	52	advmod	_	_
52	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	55	det:predet	_	_
53	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	54	det	_	_
54	Indians	Indian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	55	nsubj	_	_
55	profess	profess	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	48	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	62	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	62	expl	_	_
58	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	62	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
59	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	62	punct	_	_
60	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	62	nsubj	_	_
61	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	62	cop	_	_
62	informed	informed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
63	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	65	punct	_	_
64	only	only	ADV	RB	_	65	advmod	_	_
65	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	70	nummod	_	_
66	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	67	cc	_	_
67	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	65	conj	_	_
68	Protestant	Protestant	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	70	compound	_	_
69	Passamaquoddy	Passamaquoddy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	68	flat	_	_
70	families	family	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	62	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
71	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past |  |  |  | the unlimited power of Passamaquoddies's Mʾdeolinʾwuk or wizards and belief in the existence | time | like Passamaquoddies's other Algic kindred firm believers; Passamaquoddies *= passamaquoddy* *nmod:poss* | tree rules |
| 2 | **remain** | present |  |  |  |  | still | whom *obl* | tree rules |
| 3 | **subordinate** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | to the Catholic doctrine | tree rules |
| 4 | **profess** | present | the Indians | the Catholic doctrine |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent which=Theme |
| 5 | **is** | gerund | I |  | three Protestant families | there |  | informed *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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