--- title: Many years ago, Yet still within our time, Very far to the North, An… — Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems · tree and pragmatics description: Many years ago, Yet still within our time, Very far to the North, An Indian in his canoe Was about to cross a bay To a distant place; When, just before he launched, There came in haste a stranger Followed by two great dogs, Who asked to be taken over. Who acts: Kulóskap, stranger, two great dogs. A --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/4/59/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Kulóskap the master, and other Algonki…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/) / [Opening, part 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/4/) / 59 # Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 4, sentence 59 Many years ago, Yet still within our time, Very far to the North, An Indian in his canoe Was about to cross a bay To a distant place; When, just before he launched, There came in haste a stranger Followed by two great dogs, Who asked to be taken over. **Who acts:** Kulóskap, stranger, two great dogs · **What happens:** be, cross, launch, come, follow, ask · **To what, where:** canoe, bay, distant place, haste, stranger · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kulóskap, stranger, two great dogs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg78673:4:59 # text = Many years ago, Yet still within our time, Very far to the North, An Indian in his canoe Was about to cross a bay To a distant place; When, just before he launched, There came in haste a stranger Followed by two great dogs, Who asked to be taken over. 1 Many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl:unmarked _ _ 3 ago ago ADV RB _ 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 5 Yet yet CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 6 still still ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 7 within within ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 our our PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ _ 9 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 11 Very very ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ _ 12 far far ADV RB Degree=Pos 9 advmod _ _ 13 to to ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 North North PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 16 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 17 An a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 Indian Indian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 parataxis _ _ 19 in in ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 canoe canoe NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 22 Was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 cop _ _ 23 about about ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 advcl _ _ 24 to to PART TO _ 25 mark _ _ 25 cross cross VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 23 xcomp _ _ 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 bay bay NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obj _ _ 28 To to ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 29 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 30 distant distant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 31 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 32 ; ; PUNCT : _ 38 punct _ _ 33 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 38 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 34 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 35 just just ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ _ 36 before before SCONJ IN _ 38 mark _ _ 37 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 nsubj _ _ 38 launched launch VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 39 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 40 There there PRON EX PronType=Dem 41 expl _ _ 41 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 38 conj _ _ 42 in in ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 haste haste NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 obl _ _ 44 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 stranger stranger NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 nsubj _ _ 46 Followed follow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 45 acl _ _ 47 by by ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 48 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 50 nummod _ _ 49 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 50 amod _ _ 50 dogs dog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 46 obl:agent _ SpaceAfter=No 51 , , PUNCT , _ 53 punct _ _ 52 Who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 53 nsubj _ _ 53 asked ask VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 50 acl:relcl _ _ 54 to to PART TO _ 56 mark _ _ 55 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 56 aux:pass _ _ 56 taken take VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 53 ccomp _ _ 57 over over ADP RP _ 56 compound:prt _ SpaceAfter=No 58 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | | | | Kulóskap's canoe | | about *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **cross** | to-infinitive | | a bay | a distant place | | | | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent bay=Patient to place=Recipient | | 3 | **launch** | past | Kulóskap | | | | | | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **come** | past | a stranger | | | haste; there | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in haste=Location | | 5 | **follow** | participle | | a stranger *not said here* | | | | two great dogs *obl:agent* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | two great dogs | | | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 7 | **take over** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive · passive | | | | | | | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP» | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 58](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/4/58/) - next →: [sentence 60](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/4/60/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/4/)