---
title: And the second said: “I am poor, My life is very hard, And, though I… — Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems · tree and pragmatics
description: And the second said: “I am poor, My life is very hard, And, though I toil unceasing, I can barely make a living, And I would fain be rich.” Who acts: second, life. A sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 7, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cla
---

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# Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 7, sentence 16

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And the second said: “I am poor, My life is very hard, And, though I toil unceasing, I can barely make a living, And I would fain be rich.”

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**Who acts:** second, life · **What happens:** say, be, toil, unceas, make, fain · **To what, where:** living · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (second, life), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78673:7:16
# text = And the second said: “I am poor, My life is very hard, And, though I toil unceasing, I can barely make a living, And I would fain be rich.”
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	second	second	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
6	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	very	very	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
20	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	toil	toil	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
22	unceasing	unceas	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	21	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
25	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
26	barely	barely	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
27	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	living	living	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
31	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
32	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
33	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
34	fain	fain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
35	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	36	cop	_	_
36	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	34	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	34	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the second |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | the second *= second* |  |  |  |  | poor *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | My life |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **toil** *in a quote* | present | the second *= second* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **unceas** *in a quote* | gerund | the second *= second* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **make** *in a quote* | can | the second *= second* | a living |  |  |  | barely *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent living=Product |
| 7 | **fain** *in a quote* | would | the second *= second* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **is** *in a quote* | infinitive | the second *= second* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | rich *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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