---
title: Then to frighten the Beaver The Master threw at it Several handfuls… — Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems · tree and pragmatics
description: Then to frighten the Beaver The Master threw at it Several handfuls of earth, Which falling to eastward Of what is called Partridge Island, Became the Five Islands, and The pond which was left behind Became the Basin of Minas. Who acts: Master, earth. A sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Al
---

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# Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 8, sentence 1

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Then to frighten the Beaver The Master threw at it Several handfuls of earth, Which falling to eastward Of what is called Partridge Island, Became the Five Islands, and The pond which was left behind Became the Basin of Minas.

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**Who acts:** Master, earth · **What happens:** frighten, throw, fall, call, leave · **To what, where:** Beaver, Several handfuls, pond, Became · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Master, earth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78673:8:1
# text = Then to frighten the Beaver The Master threw at it Several handfuls of earth, Which falling to eastward Of what is called Partridge Island, Became the Five Islands, and The pond which was left behind Became the Basin of Minas.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	to	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
3	frighten	frighten	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Beaver	Beaver	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Master	Master	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	threw	throw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	_
11	Several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	handfuls	handful	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
17	falling	fall	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	acl	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	eastward	eastward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
20	Of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	19	nmod	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	acl:relcl	_	_
24	Partridge	Partridge	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	Island	Island	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	Became	Became	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	Five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	30	nummod	_	_
30	Islands	Island	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	27	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
33	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
35	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	37	nsubj:pass	_	_
36	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	37	aux:pass	_	_
37	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	34	acl:relcl	_	_
38	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	Became	Became	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	Basin	Basin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	obj	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
43	Minas	Minas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	41	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **frighten** | to-infinitive | the Master *not said here* | the Beaver |  |  | then |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus beaver=Experiencer |
| 2 | **throw** | past | the Master | Several handfuls of earth |  |  |  | at Beaver; the pond *obl* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent handful=Theme at it=Destination |
| 3 | **fall** | gerund | earth |  |  |  |  | to eastward | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to eastward=Theme |
| 4 | **call** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  | Partridge Island *xcomp* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V» |
| 5 | **leave** | past · passive |  | the pond |  | Became |  | the Basin of Minas *obj* | vn sustain-55.6-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme basin=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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