---
title: "And who won't you have, may I be so bold as to ask?" said a farmer,… — Celtic Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: "And who won't you have, may I be so bold as to ask?" said a farmer, who had just come up with a drove of cattle, and was turning in for a glass. Who acts: farmer. A sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Hudden and Dudden and Donald O'neary, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics o
---

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# Celtic Fairy Tales, Hudden and Dudden and Donald O'neary, sentence 94

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"And who won't you have, may I be so bold as to ask?" said a farmer, who had just come up with a drove of cattle, and was turning in for a glass.

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**Who acts:** farmer · **What happens:** not have, be, ask, say, come up, drive · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Hudden and Dudden and Donald O'neary. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (farmer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7885:10:94
# text = "And who won't you have, may I be so bold as to ask?" said a farmer, who had just come up with a drove of cattle, and was turning in for a glass.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
4	wo	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
10	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	cop	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	bold	bold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	ccomp	_	_
14	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	ask	ask	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	_
19	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
24	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
25	just	just	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
26	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	21	acl:relcl	_	_
27	up	up	ADP	RP	_	26	compound:prt	_	_
28	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	drove	drive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	advcl	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
35	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
36	turning	turn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	19	advcl	_	_
37	in	in	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	_
38	for	for	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **have** *in a quote* | future |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | may | a farmer *= farmer* |  |  |  |  | bold *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **ask** *speech: ask* *in a quote* | to-infinitive | a farmer *= farmer* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **say** *speech: ask* | past | a farmer |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **come up** | past · perfect | a farmer |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **drive** | past | a farmer *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of cattle | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent of cattle=Trajectory |
| 7 | **turn in** | past · progressive | a farmer *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for a glass | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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