---
title: Up in the Black Mountains in Caermarthenshire lies the lake known as… — Celtic Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Up in the Black Mountains in Caermarthenshire lies the lake known as Lyn y Van Vach. A sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Shepherd of Myddvai, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Celtic Fairy Tales, The Shepherd of Myddvai, sentence 1

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Up in the Black Mountains in Caermarthenshire lies the lake known as Lyn y Van Vach.

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**What happens:** lie, know · **To what, where:** lake

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This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Shepherd of Myddvai. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7885:11:1
# text = Up in the Black Mountains in Caermarthenshire lies the lake known as Lyn y Van Vach.
1	Up	up	ADV	RB	_	8	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Black	Black	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	Mountains	Mountain	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Caermarthenshire	Caermarthenshire	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	lies	lie	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	Lyn	Lyn	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	y	y	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	Van	Van	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	Vach	Vach	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | present |  | the lake |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location lake=Theme |
| 2 | **know** | participle |  | the lake *not said here* |  |  |  | as Van Vach | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer as vach=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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