---
title: Once upon a time there was a king who had a wife, whose name was Sil… — Celtic Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Once upon a time there was a king who had a wife, whose name was Silver-tree, and a daughter, whose name was Gold-tree. Who acts: king, name, daughter, Silver tree. A sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Gold-tree and Silver-tree, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cl
---

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# Celtic Fairy Tales, Gold-tree and Silver-tree, sentence 1

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Once upon a time there was a king who had a wife, whose name was Silver-tree, and a daughter, whose name was Gold-tree.

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**Who acts:** king, name, daughter, Silver tree · **What happens:** have, be, name · **To what, where:** wife, Silver tree, Gold tree

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This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Gold-tree and Silver-tree. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, name, daughter, Silver tree), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7885:15:1
# text = Once upon a time there was a king who had a wife, whose name was Silver-tree, and a daughter, whose name was Gold-tree.
1	Once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	6	advmod	_	_
2	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	6	expl	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
14	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
17	Silver	silver	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	_
27	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
28	Gold	gold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	30	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | a king | a wife and Silver tree |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wife=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Silver tree's name | Silver tree |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | past | a daughter and a daughter and a daughter's name's name | Gold tree |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **name** |  | Silver tree |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
| 5 | **name** |  | a daughter and a daughter and name's name |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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