---
title: "Close your ranks, my men," says he in a whisper, "and let every one… — Celtic Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: "Close your ranks, my men," says he in a whisper, "and let every one mind the word of command." A sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Jack and His Comrades, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Celtic Fairy Tales, Jack and His Comrades, sentence 54

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"Close your ranks, my men," says he in a whisper, "and let every one mind the word of command."

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**What happens:** close, say, let, word · **To what, where:** ranks, health, whisper, one mind, command · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Jack and His Comrades. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7885:18:54
# text = "Close your ranks, my men," says he in a whisper, "and let every one mind the word of command."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Close	close	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	ccomp	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	ranks	rank	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
10	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	whisper	whisper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
16	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
19	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	21	det	_	_
20	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	21	nummod	_	_
21	mind	mind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	command	command	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **close** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | your ranks and my men |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rank=Patient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present |  | health |  | a whisper |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **let** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | every one mind |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent mind=Recipient word=Theme |
| 4 | **word** *in a quote* |  |  | command |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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