---
title: "What keeps you from laughing, you who used to laugh so loud that th… — Celtic Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: "What keeps you from laughing, you who used to laugh so loud that the whole world heard you?" Who acts: you, whole world. A sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Shee an Gannon and the Gruagach Gaire, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Celtic Fairy Tales, The Shee an Gannon and the Gruagach Gaire, sentence 36

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"What keeps you from laughing, you who used to laugh so loud that the whole world heard you?"

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**Who acts:** you, whole world · **What happens:** keep, laugh, use, hear · **To what, where:** you

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This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Shee an Gannon and the Gruagach Gaire. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, whole world), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7885:19:36
# text = "What keeps you from laughing, you who used to laugh so loud that the whole world heard you?"
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
3	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	laughing	laugh	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	laugh	laugh	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	so	so	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	_
15	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	_
20	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** *in a quote* | present |  | you |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |
| 2 | **laugh** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **use** *in a quote* | past | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **laugh** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | loud *property* | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **hear** *in a quote* | past | the whole world | you |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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