---
title: I have only been enabled to do this by the courtesy of those who own… — Celtic Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: I have only been enabled to do this by the courtesy of those who owned the copyright of these stories. Who acts: courtesy, I. A sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, _to Alfred Nutt_, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Celtic Fairy Tales, \_to Alfred Nutt\_, sentence 46

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I have only been enabled to do this by the courtesy of those who owned the copyright of these stories.

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**Who acts:** courtesy, I · **What happens:** enable, do, own, copyright · **To what, where:** I, this, copyright, stories

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This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, \_to Alfred Nutt\_. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (courtesy, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Checked tree.** This sentence is in the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3 (`gutenberg:pg7885:46`): parsed by Mova, then checked and patched by a teacher model under UD validation gates — Mova annot: Rust (en) → Claude Opus (medium) patches; gates UD 2.18.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7885:2:46
# text = I have only been enabled to do this by the courtesy of those who owned the copyright of these stories.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	enabled	enable	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	obj	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	courtesy	courtesy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	11	nmod	_	_
14	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	owned	own	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	copyright	copyright	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	20	det	_	_
20	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nmod	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **enable** | present · perfect · passive | the courtesy of those | I |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | this |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Eventuality |
| 3 | **own** | past |  | the copyright of this stories |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot copyright=Theme |
| 4 | **copyright** |  |  | this stories |  |  |  |  | nom copyright «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3, Apache-2.0 OR MIT. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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