---
title: Saying this he began to wind the thread, and down came the lad fast… — Celtic Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Saying this he began to wind the thread, and down came the lad fast asleep; and down came the red-eared hound and in his mouth the last morsel of the hare. Who acts: friend, lad. A sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Story-teller At Fault, with its dependency tree and the pragmati
---

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# Celtic Fairy Tales, The Story-teller At Fault, sentence 112

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Saying this he began to wind the thread, and down came the lad fast asleep; and down came the red-eared hound and in his mouth the last morsel of the hare.

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**Who acts:** friend, lad · **What happens:** say, begin, come, ear · **To what, where:** this, wind, eared hound · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Story-teller At Fault. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (friend, lad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7885:20:112
# text = Saying this he began to wind the thread, and down came the lad fast asleep; and down came the red-eared hound and in his mouth the last morsel of the hare.
1	Saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	csubj	_	_
2	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	1	obj	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	thread	thread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	down	down	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	lad	lad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
15	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	16	advmod	_	_
16	asleep	asleep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	down	down	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
22	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	eared	ear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	amod	_	_
25	hound	hound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
31	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	morsel	morsel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	hare	hare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund |  | this |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent this=Topic |
| 2 | **begin** | past | friend | wind |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **come** | past | the lad |  |  |  |  | down *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **come** | past | friend *not said here* | the eared hound and friend's mouth |  |  |  | the last morsel of the hare *obl*; down *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **ear** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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