---
title: In the meantime, Fin was very melancholy, and did not know what to d… — Celtic Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: In the meantime, Fin was very melancholy, and did not know what to do, or how to act at all. Who acts: Fin. A sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, A Legend of Knockmany, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Celtic Fairy Tales, A Legend of Knockmany, sentence 39

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In the meantime, Fin was very melancholy, and did not know what to do, or how to act at all.

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**Who acts:** Fin · **What happens:** be, not know, do, act · **To what, where:** melancholy, meantime, all · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, A Legend of Knockmany. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7885:22:39
# text = In the meantime, Fin was very melancholy, and did not know what to do, or how to act at all.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	meantime	meantime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	Fin	Fin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	very	very	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	melancholy	melancholy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	know	know	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
14	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	16	obj	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	21	advmod	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	act	act	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
22	at	at	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Fin | melancholy |  | the meantime |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **know** | past · do-support |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **do** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |
| 4 | **act** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | all |  |  | vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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