---
title: "Now," says the giant, "a hundred cattle are stabled here, and it ha… — Celtic Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: "Now," says the giant, "a hundred cattle are stabled here, and it has not been cleansed for seven years. A sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Battle of the Birds, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Celtic Fairy Tales, The Battle of the Birds, sentence 103

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"Now," says the giant, "a hundred cattle are stabled here, and it has not been cleansed for seven years.

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**What happens:** say, stable, not cleanse · **To what, where:** giant, hundred cattle, byre · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Battle of the Birds. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7885:31:103
# text = "Now," says the giant, "a hundred cattle are stabled here, and it has not been cleansed for seven years.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
5	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	stabled	stable	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
15	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	22	advmod	_	_
21	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	22	aux:pass	_	_
22	cleansed	cleanse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	conj	_	_
23	for	for	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	25	nummod	_	_
25	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present |  | the giant |  |  | now |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent giant=Topic |
| 2 | **stable** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | a hundred cattle |  | here |  |  | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V ADVP»: subject=Destination |
| 3 | **not** **cleanse** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive |  | byre |  |  | year |  | vn groom-41.1.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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