---
title: The giant turned back to the castle in rage and madness, and he said… — Celtic Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The giant turned back to the castle in rage and madness, and he said that if they did not send out the king's son to him, the highest stone of the castle would be the lowest. Who acts: giant, rage, highest stone. A sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Battle of the Birds, with its 
---

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# Celtic Fairy Tales, The Battle of the Birds, sentence 73

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The giant turned back to the castle in rage and madness, and he said that if they did not send out the king's son to him, the highest stone of the castle would be the lowest.

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**Who acts:** giant, rage, highest stone · **What happens:** turn back, say, not send out, be · **To what, where:** castle, giant · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Battle of the Birds. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (giant, rage, highest stone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7885:31:73
# text = The giant turned back to the castle in rage and madness, and he said that if they did not send out the king's son to him, the highest stone of the castle would be the lowest.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	giant	giant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	back	back	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	rage	rage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	madness	madness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
16	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
17	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
19	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
21	send	send	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	ccomp	_	_
22	out	out	ADP	RP	_	21	compound:prt	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	's	's	PART	POS	_	24	case	_	_
26	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	vocative	_	_
27	to	to	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
31	highest	high	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	32	amod	_	_
32	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nsubj	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	_
36	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	39	aux	_	_
37	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	39	cop	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	lowest	low	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	15	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn back** | past | the giant |  |  | the castle in rage and madness |  |  | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to castle=Destination |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | giant |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **not** **send out** *a condition, not said to happen* | past · do-support | rage |  | giant |  |  | the king's son *vocative* | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to he=Destination |
| 4 | **is** | would | the highest stone of the castle |  |  |  |  | low *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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