---
title: In the original the gnome is a Cluricaune, but as a friend of Mr. Ba… — Celtic Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: In the original the gnome is a Cluricaune, but as a friend of Mr. Batten's has recently heard the tale told of a Lepracaun, I have adopted the better known title. Who acts: gnome, friend, tale, I. A sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, III. Field of Boliauns., with its dependency tree 
---

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# Celtic Fairy Tales, III. Field of Boliauns., sentence 4

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In the original the gnome is a Cluricaune, but as a friend of Mr. Batten's has recently heard the tale told of a Lepracaun, I have adopted the better known title.

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**Who acts:** gnome, friend, tale, I · **What happens:** be, hear, tell, adopt, know · **To what, where:** Cluricaune, better known title, original · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, III. Field of Boliauns.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gnome, friend, tale, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7885:37:4
# text = In the original the gnome is a Cluricaune, but as a friend of Mr. Batten's has recently heard the tale told of a Lepracaun, I have adopted the better known title.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	original	original	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	gnome	gnome	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Cluricaune	Cluricaune	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
10	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	Mr.	Mr.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod:desc	_	_
16	Batten	Batten	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	's	's	PART	POS	_	16	case	_	_
18	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	recently	recently	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	parataxis	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	tale	tale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
23	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	Lepracaun	Lepracaun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
28	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
29	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
30	adopted	adopt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
32	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	34	amod	_	_
33	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	34	amod	_	_
34	title	title	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	30	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the gnome | a Cluricaune |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hear** | present · perfect | Batten  Mr.'s friend |  |  |  |  | recently *property* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | the tale |  |  |  |  | of a Lepracaun | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **adopt** | present · perfect | I | the better known title |  | the original |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent title=Theme |
| 5 | **know** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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