---
title: The cold winter's wind that was before them, they overtook her, and… — Celtic Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The cold winter's wind that was before them, they overtook her, and the cold winter's wind that was behind them, she did not overtake them. Who acts: that, men, Folk, cold winter. A sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Connla and the Fairy Maiden, part 1, with its dependency tree and t
---

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# Celtic Fairy Tales, Connla and the Fairy Maiden, part 1, sentence 67

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The cold winter's wind that was before them, they overtook her, and the cold winter's wind that was behind them, she did not overtake them.

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**Who acts:** that, men, Folk, cold winter · **What happens:** be, overtake, not overtake, wind · **To what, where:** Folk, men

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This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Connla and the Fairy Maiden, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (that, men, Folk, cold winter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7885:4:67
# text = The cold winter's wind that was before them, they overtook her, and the cold winter's wind that was behind them, she did not overtake them.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	before	before	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	overtook	overtake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
13	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	's	's	PART	POS	_	18	case	_	_
20	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
21	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	24	nsubj	_	_
22	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
23	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
26	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
27	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
28	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	29	advmod	_	_
29	overtake	overtake	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
30	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | that |  |  |  | before men *= man* |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **overtake** | past | men *= man* | Folk |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | past | that |  |  |  |  | behind men *= man* | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **overtake** | past · do-support | Folk | men *= man* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **wind** |  | the cold winter |  |  |  |  |  | nom wind «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |
| 6 | **wind** |  | the cold winter |  |  |  |  |  | nom wind «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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