---
title: The head-crowned spikes are Celtic, _cf. — Celtic Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The head-crowned spikes are Celtic, _cf. Who acts: crowned spikes. A sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, XV. Shee an Gannon and Gruagach Gaire., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Celtic Fairy Tales, XV. Shee an Gannon and Gruagach Gaire., sentence 8

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The head-crowned spikes are Celtic, \_cf.

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**Who acts:** crowned spikes · **What happens:** crown, be

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This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, XV. Shee an Gannon and Gruagach Gaire.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (crowned spikes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7885:49:8
# text = The head-crowned spikes are Celtic, _cf.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	crowned	crown	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	spikes	spike	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	Celtic	celtic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	_	_	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	cf	cf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crown** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | the crowned spikes |  |  |  |  | celtic *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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