--- title: The night was calm as is a lake when there is not a breath of wind t… — Celtic Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics description: The night was calm as is a lake when there is not a breath of wind to move a wave on it, and there was no sound to be heard but the _cronawn_ of the insects that would go by from time to time, or the hoarse sudden scream of the wild-geese, as they passed from lake to lake, half a mile up in the air --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7885/5/83/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Celtic Fairy Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7885/) / [Connla and the Fairy Maiden, part 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7885/5/) / 83 # Celtic Fairy Tales, Connla and the Fairy Maiden, part 2, sentence 83 The night was calm as is a lake when there is not a breath of wind to move a wave on it, and there was no sound to be heard but the \_cronawn\_ of the insects that would go by from time to time, or the hoarse sudden scream of the wild-geese, as they passed from lake to lake, half a mile up in the air over his head; or the sharp whistle of the golden and green plover, rising and lying, lying and rising, as they do on a calm night. **Who acts:** night, breath, insects, geese, golden plover, wild geese · **What happens:** be, move, hear, go up, pass, rise · **To what, where:** lake, wave, breath, hoarse sudden scream This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Connla and the Fairy Maiden, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (night, breath, insects, geese), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg7885:5:83 # text = The night was calm as is a lake when there is not a breath of wind to move a wave on it, and there was no sound to be heard but the _cronawn_ of the insects that would go by from time to time, or the hoarse sudden scream of the wild-geese, as they passed from lake to lake, half a mile up in the air over his head; or the sharp whistle of the golden and green plover, rising and lying, lying and rising, as they do on a calm night. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 3 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 calm calm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 5 as as ADP IN _ 4 fixed _ _ 6 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 lake lake NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 9 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 11 advmod _ _ 10 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 11 expl _ _ 11 is be VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 acl:relcl _ _ 12 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 14 advmod _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 breath breath NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 wind wind NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ 17 to to PART TO _ 18 mark _ _ 18 move move VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 advcl _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 wave wave NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 21 on on ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 23 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 25 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 26 expl _ _ 26 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 27 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 28 det _ _ 28 sound sound NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ _ 29 to to PART TO _ 31 mark _ _ 30 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 31 aux:pass _ _ 31 heard hear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 28 acl _ _ 32 but but CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 34 _ _ PUNCT `` _ 35 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 35 cronawn cronawn NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 36 _ _ PUNCT NFP _ 39 punct _ _ 37 of of ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 insects insect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obl _ _ 40 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 42 nsubj _ _ 41 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 42 aux _ _ 42 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 39 acl:relcl _ _ 43 by by ADP IN _ 42 obl _ _ 44 from from ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 45 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 obl _ _ 46 to to ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 47 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 48 , , PUNCT , _ 53 punct _ _ 49 or or CCONJ CC _ 53 cc _ _ 50 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 53 det _ _ 51 hoarse hoarse ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 53 amod _ _ 52 sudden sudden ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 53 amod _ _ 53 scream scream NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 obl _ _ 54 of of ADP IN _ 58 case _ _ 55 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 58 det _ _ 56 wild wild NOUN NN Number=Sing 58 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 57 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 56 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 58 geese goose NOUN NNS Number=Plur 53 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 59 , , PUNCT , _ 62 punct _ _ 60 as as SCONJ IN _ 62 mark _ _ 61 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 62 nsubj _ _ 62 passed pass VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 42 parataxis _ _ 63 from from ADP IN _ 64 case _ _ 64 lake lake NOUN NN Number=Sing 62 obl _ _ 65 to to ADP IN _ 66 case _ _ 66 lake lake NOUN NN Number=Sing 62 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 67 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 68 half half DET PDT NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac|PronType=Ind 70 det:predet _ _ 69 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 70 det _ _ 70 mile mile NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 parataxis _ _ 71 up up ADP RP _ 42 compound:prt _ _ 72 in in ADP IN _ 74 case _ _ 73 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 74 det _ _ 74 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 obl _ _ 75 over over ADP IN _ 77 case _ _ 76 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 77 nmod:poss _ _ 77 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 78 ; ; PUNCT , _ 82 punct _ _ 79 or or CCONJ CC _ 82 cc _ _ 80 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 82 det _ _ 81 sharp sharp ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 82 amod _ _ 82 whistle whistle NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ _ 83 of of ADP IN _ 88 case _ _ 84 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 88 det _ _ 85 golden golden ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 88 amod _ _ 86 and and CCONJ CC _ 87 cc _ _ 87 green green ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 85 conj _ _ 88 plover plover NOUN NN Number=Sing 82 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 89 , , PUNCT , _ 90 punct _ _ 90 rising rise VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 88 acl _ _ 91 and and CCONJ CC _ 92 cc _ _ 92 lying lie VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 90 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 93 , , PUNCT , _ 94 punct _ _ 94 lying lie VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 90 conj _ _ 95 and and CCONJ CC _ 96 cc _ _ 96 rising rise VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 94 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 97 , , PUNCT , _ 100 punct _ _ 98 as as SCONJ IN _ 100 mark _ _ 99 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 100 nsubj _ _ 100 do do VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 94 parataxis _ _ 101 on on ADP IN _ 104 case _ _ 102 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 104 det _ _ 103 calm calm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 104 amod _ _ 104 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 100 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 105 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | | | | | | calm *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **is a** | present | the night | a lake | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **be** | present | a breath of wind | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **move** | to-infinitive | a breath of wind *not said here* | a wave | | breath | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent wave=Theme | | 5 | **hear** | to-infinitive · passive | the night *not said here* | | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus» | | 6 | **go up** | would | the insects | the hoarse sudden scream of the wild geese | | | time | over sound's head; in the air | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in air=Attribute | | 7 | **pass** | past | geese *= goose* | | | lake | | to lake | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from lake=Initial\_Location to lake=Destination | | 8 | **rise** | gerund | the golden plover *not said here* | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 9 | **lie** | gerund | the golden plover *not said here* | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 10 | **lie** | gerund | the golden plover *not said here* | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 11 | **rise** | gerund | the golden plover *not said here* | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 12 | **do** | present | geese *= goose* | | | | night | | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 13 | **scream** | | the wild geese | | | | | | nom scream «communication intransitive»: of=agent | | 14 | **whistle** | | the golden plover | | | | | | nom whistle «event intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 82](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7885/5/82/) - next →: [sentence 84](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7885/5/84/) - ↑ back to [Connla and the Fairy Maiden, part 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7885/5/)