---
title: We have thus traced it to England whence it passed to Wales, where I… — Celtic Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: We have thus traced it to England whence it passed to Wales, where I have discovered it as the second apologue of "The Fables of Cattwg the Wise," in the Iolo MS. published by the Welsh MS. Society, p.561, "The man who killed his Greyhound." Who acts: English, I, man. A sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tal
---

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# Celtic Fairy Tales, XXI. Beth Gellert., sentence 36

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We have thus traced it to England whence it passed to Wales, where I have discovered it as the second apologue of "The Fables of Cattwg the Wise," in the Iolo MS. published by the Welsh MS. Society, p.561, "The man who killed his Greyhound."

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**Who acts:** English, I, man · **What happens:** trace, pass, discover, publish, kill · **To what, where:** We, England, Wales, English, Iolo MS., Greyhound

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This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, XXI. Beth Gellert.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (English, I, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7885:55:36
# text = We have thus traced it to England whence it passed to Wales, where I have discovered it as the second apologue of "The Fables of Cattwg the Wise," in the Iolo MS. published by the Welsh MS. Society, p.561, "The man who killed his Greyhound."
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	traced	trace	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	England	England	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	whence	whence	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Wales	Wales	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	17	advmod	_	_
15	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	discovered	discover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	parataxis	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	as	as	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	22	amod	_	_
22	apologue	apologue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	Fables	Fable	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	Cattwg	Cattwg	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	Wise	wise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	_
33	in	in	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
35	Iolo	Iolo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	compound	_	_
36	MS.	MS.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
37	published	publish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	acl	_	_
38	by	by	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
40	Welsh	Welsh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	42	compound	_	_
41	MS.	MS.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	42	nmod:desc	_	_
42	Society	Society	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
44	p.561	p.561	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	42	list	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	48	punct	_	_
46	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	48	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
48	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	appos	_	_
49	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	50	nsubj	_	_
50	killed	kill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	48	acl:relcl	_	_
51	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	52	nmod:poss	_	_
52	Greyhound	greyhound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trace** | present · perfect · passive |  | We | England |  |  | thus *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | past | English |  |  | Wales |  | whence *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to wales=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **discover** | present · perfect | I | English |  | the Iolo MS. |  | as the second apologue of the Fables of Cattwg | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |
| 4 | **publish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **kill** *in a quote* | past | the man | England's Greyhound |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent greyhound=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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