---
title: The sound increased, and at first it was like the beating of waves o… — Celtic Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: The sound increased, and at first it was like the beating of waves on a stony shore, and then it was like the falling of a great waterfall, and at last it was like a loud storm in the tops of the trees, and then the whirlwind burst into the rath of one rout, and the sheehogues were in it. Who acts: 
---

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# Celtic Fairy Tales, Connla and the Fairy Maiden, part 3, sentence 3

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The sound increased, and at first it was like the beating of waves on a stony shore, and then it was like the falling of a great waterfall, and at last it was like a loud storm in the tops of the trees, and then the whirlwind burst into the rath of one rout, and the sheehogues were in it.

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**Who acts:** sound, whirlwind, sheehogues · **What happens:** increase, be, burst · **To what, where:** tops, rath, sound

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This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Connla and the Fairy Maiden, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sound, whirlwind, sheehogues), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7885:6:3
# text = The sound increased, and at first it was like the beating of waves on a stony shore, and then it was like the falling of a great waterfall, and at last it was like a loud storm in the tops of the trees, and then the whirlwind burst into the rath of one rout, and the sheehogues were in it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	increased	increase	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	12	obl	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	beating	beating	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	_
15	on	on	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	stony	stony	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	shore	shore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
21	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	26	advmod	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
23	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
24	like	like	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	falling	falling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	waterfall	waterfall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
33	at	at	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	amod	_	_
35	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	40	nsubj	_	_
36	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	40	cop	_	_
37	like	like	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
38	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
39	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	amod	_	_
40	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
41	in	in	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	tops	top	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	nmod	_	_
44	of	of	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	43	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	52	punct	_	_
48	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	52	cc	_	_
49	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	52	advmod	_	_
50	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	51	det	_	_
51	whirlwind	whirlwind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	nsubj	_	_
52	burst	burst	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
53	into	into	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
54	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
55	rath	rath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	obl	_	_
56	of	of	ADP	IN	_	58	case	_	_
57	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	58	nummod	_	_
58	rout	rout	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	55	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
59	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	65	punct	_	_
60	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	65	cc	_	_
61	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	62	det	_	_
62	sheehogues	sheehogue	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	65	nsubj	_	_
63	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	65	cop	_	_
64	in	in	ADP	IN	_	65	case	_	_
65	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	52	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
66	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **increase** | past | the sound |  |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | past | sound |  |  |  |  | like the beating; of waves on a stony shore | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | past | sound |  |  |  | then | like the falling; of a great waterfall | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | past | sound |  |  | the tops of the trees |  | like a last loud storm | tree rules |
| 5 | **burst** | past | the whirlwind |  |  | the rath of one rout | then |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **is** | past | the sheehogues |  |  | sound |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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