---
title: So they went, and Tom held the Lepracaun fast in his hand, and never… — Celtic Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: So they went, and Tom held the Lepracaun fast in his hand, and never took his eyes from off him, though they had to cross hedges and ditches, and a crooked bit of bog, till at last they came to a great field all full of boliauns, and the Lepracaun pointed to a big boliaun, and says he, "Dig under th
---

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# Celtic Fairy Tales, The Field of Boliauns, sentence 34

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So they went, and Tom held the Lepracaun fast in his hand, and never took his eyes from off him, though they had to cross hedges and ditches, and a crooked bit of bog, till at last they came to a great field all full of boliauns, and the Lepracaun pointed to a big boliaun, and says he, "Dig under that boliaun, and you'll get the great crock all full of guineas."

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**Who acts:** fields, Tom, Lepracaun, you · **What happens:** go, hold, not take, have, cross, come · **To what, where:** crooked bit, Lepracaun, hand, eyes, hedges, last · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Field of Boliauns. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fields, Tom, Lepracaun, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg7885:7:34
# text = So they went, and Tom held the Lepracaun fast in his hand, and never took his eyes from off him, though they had to cross hedges and ditches, and a crooked bit of bog, till at last they came to a great field all full of boliauns, and the Lepracaun pointed to a big boliaun, and says he, "Dig under that boliaun, and you'll get the great crock all full of guineas."
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Lepracaun	Lepracaun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	7	advmod	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
17	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
20	from	from	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	off	off	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
25	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	cross	cross	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	xcomp	_	_
29	hedges	hedge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obj	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	ditches	ditch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
34	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
35	crooked	crooked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	bog	bog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
40	till	till	SCONJ	IN	_	44	mark	_	_
41	at	at	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	44	obl	_	_
43	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	44	nsubj	_	_
44	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
45	to	to	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
46	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
47	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	48	amod	_	_
48	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obl	_	_
49	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	50	det	_	_
50	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	48	amod	_	_
51	of	of	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
52	boliauns	boliaun	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	50	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	57	punct	_	_
54	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	57	cc	_	_
55	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	56	det	_	_
56	Lepracaun	Lepracaun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	57	nsubj	_	_
57	pointed	point	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
58	to	to	ADP	IN	_	61	case	_	_
59	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	61	det	_	_
60	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	61	amod	_	_
61	boliaun	boliaun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	57	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
62	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	64	punct	_	_
63	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	64	cc	_	_
64	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
65	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	64	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
66	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	68	punct	_	_
67	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	68	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
68	Dig	dig	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	64	ccomp	_	_
69	under	under	ADP	IN	_	71	case	_	_
70	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	71	det	_	_
71	boliaun	boliaun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	68	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
72	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	76	punct	_	_
73	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	76	cc	_	_
74	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	76	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
75	'll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	76	aux	_	_
76	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	68	conj	_	_
77	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	79	det	_	_
78	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	79	amod	_	_
79	crock	crock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	76	obj	_	_
80	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	81	det	_	_
81	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	76	advcl	_	_
82	of	of	ADP	IN	_	83	case	_	_
83	guineas	guinea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	81	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
84	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	68	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
85	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	68	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | fields *= field* | a crooked bit of bog |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **hold** | past | Tom | the Lepracaun |  | Tom's hand |  | fast *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent lepracaun=Theme in hand=Location |
| 3 | **not** **take** | past |  | Tom's eyes |  |  |  | from Tom | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent eye=Theme from he=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **have** | past | fields *= field* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **cross** | to-infinitive | fields *= field* *not said here* | hedges and ditches |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hedge=Patient |
| 6 | **come** | past | fields *= field* |  |  | last |  | to a great field | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to field=Initial\_Location |
| 7 | **point** | past | the Lepracaun |  | a big boliaun |  |  |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to boliaun=Recipient |
| 8 | **say** *speech: assert* | present |  | Tom |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 9 | **dig** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  | that boliaun |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent under boliaun=Location |
| 10 | **get** *in a quote* | future | you | the great crock |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer crock=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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