---
title: Scattered over the surface of every country in Europe may be found s… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: Scattered over the surface of every country in Europe may be found sepulchral monuments, the remains of pre-historic times and nations, and of a phase of life will civilisation which has long since passed away. Who acts: phase civilisation. A sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standi
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1, sentence 3

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Scattered over the surface of every country in Europe may be found sepulchral monuments, the remains of pre-historic times and nations, and of a phase of life will civilisation which has long since passed away.

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**Who acts:** phase civilisation · **What happens:** scatter, find, have, pass away · **To what, where:** surface, sepulchral monuments

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (phase civilisation), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:1:3
# text = Scattered over the surface of every country in Europe may be found sepulchral monuments, the remains of pre-historic times and nations, and of a phase of life will civilisation which has long since passed away.
1	Scattered	scatter	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	advcl	_	_
2	over	over	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
13	sepulchral	sepulchral	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	monuments	monument	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	remains	remains	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	14	appos	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	pre-historic	pre-historic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nmod	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	phase	phase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	compound	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
30	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
31	civilisation	civilisation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
32	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	33	nsubj	_	_
33	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	acl:relcl	_	_
34	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	33	advmod	_	_
35	since	since	SCONJ	IN	_	36	mark	_	_
36	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	33	xcomp	_	_
37	away	away	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **scatter** | participle |  |  |  | the surface of every country in Europe |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme over surface=Destination |
| 2 | **find** | may · passive |  | sepulchral monuments |  |  |  | phase civilisation *obl* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: monument=Topic |
| 3 | **have** | present | phase civilisation |  |  |  |  | long *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **pass away** | participle | phase civilisation *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn die-42.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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