---
title: Her ancient history passed unceasingly into the realm of artistic re… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: Her ancient history passed unceasingly into the realm of artistic representation; the history of one generation became the poetry of the next, until the whole island was illuminated and coloured by the poetry of the bards. Who acts: ancient history, history. A sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, I
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1, sentence 37

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Her ancient history passed unceasingly into the realm of artistic representation; the history of one generation became the poetry of the next, until the whole island was illuminated and coloured by the poetry of the bards.

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**Who acts:** ancient history, history · **What happens:** pass, become, illuminate, colour · **To what, where:** realm, poetry, whole island

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ancient history, history), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:1:37
# text = Her ancient history passed unceasingly into the realm of artistic representation; the history of one generation became the poetry of the next, until the whole island was illuminated and coloured by the poetry of the bards.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	unceasingly	unceasingly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	realm	realm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	artistic	artistic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	representation	representation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	_
17	generation	generation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
18	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	poetry	poetry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	xcomp	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
25	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	island	island	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj:pass	_	_
29	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux:pass	_	_
30	illuminated	illuminate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	conj	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	coloured	colour	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	30	conj	_	_
33	by	by	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	poetry	poetry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	bards	bard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | past | Ireland's ancient history |  |  | the realm of artistic representation |  | unceasingly *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into realm=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **become** | past | the history of one generation | the poetry of the next |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **illuminate** | past · passive |  | the whole island |  |  |  |  | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination |
| 4 | **colour** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by the poetry of the bards | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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