---
title: Productions of mere fancy and imagination these songs are not, thoug… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: Productions of mere fancy and imagination these songs are not, though fancy and imagination may have coloured and shaped all their subject-matter, but the names are names of men and women who once lived and died in Ireland, and over whom their people raised the swelling rath and reared the rocky cro
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1, sentence 38

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Productions of mere fancy and imagination these songs are not, though fancy and imagination may have coloured and shaped all their subject-matter, but the names are names of men and women who once lived and died in Ireland, and over whom their people raised the swelling rath and reared the rocky cromlech.

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**Who acts:** songs, names, men, people, fancy · **What happens:** colour, shape, be, live, die, raise · **To what, where:** fancy, subject matter, names, songs, rocky cromlech, mere fancy

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (songs, names, men, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:1:38
# text = Productions of mere fancy and imagination these songs are not, though fancy and imagination may have coloured and shaped all their subject-matter, but the names are names of men and women who once lived and died in Ireland, and over whom their people raised the swelling rath and reared the rocky cromlech.
1	Productions	production	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	mere	mere	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	fancy	fancy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	imagination	imagination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
8	songs	song	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
12	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
13	fancy	fancy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	imagination	imagination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
16	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
17	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	aux	_	_
18	coloured	colour	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	conj	_	_
21	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	25	det:predet	_	_
22	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
23	subject	subject	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	matter	matter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
27	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nsubj	_	_
30	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	cop	_	_
31	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nmod	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
35	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	conj	_	_
36	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	38	nsubj	_	_
37	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	38	advmod	_	_
38	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	acl:relcl	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
40	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	38	conj	_	_
41	in	in	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	40	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
44	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
45	over	over	ADV	RB	_	46	advmod	_	_
46	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	49	obj	_	_
47	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	48	nmod:poss	_	_
48	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	49	nsubj	_	_
49	raised	raise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
50	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
51	swelling	swelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	compound	_	_
52	rath	rath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	obj	_	_
53	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	54	cc	_	_
54	reared	rear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	49	conj	_	_
55	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	57	det	_	_
56	rocky	rocky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	57	amod	_	_
57	cromlech	cromlech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	54	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
58	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **colour** | may · perfect · passive | this songs  Productions of mere fancy and imagination but names *not said here* | fancy and imagination |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **shape** | participle | this songs  Productions of mere fancy and imagination but names *not said here* | fancy's subject matter |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset matter=Product |
| 3 | **is a** | present | the names | names |  |  |  | of men and women | tree rules |
| 4 | **live** | past | men and women |  |  |  |  | once *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **die** | past | men and women *not said here* |  |  |  |  | in Ireland | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in ireland=Attribute |
| 6 | **raise** | past | names's people | this songs  Productions of mere fancy and imagination but names |  |  |  | the swelling rath *obj* | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent whom=Theme rath=Destination |
| 7 | **rear** | past | names's people *not said here* | the rocky cromlech |  |  |  |  | vn rear-26.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cromlech=Patient |
| 9 | **produce** |  |  | mere fancy and imagination |  |  |  |  | nom production «act transitive»: of=patient |
| 10 | **matter** |  | fancy |  |  |  |  |  | nom matter «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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