---
title: Legends of the former class are the product of a lettered and learne… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: Legends of the former class are the product of a lettered and learned age. Who acts: Legends. A sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1, sentence 41

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Legends of the former class are the product of a lettered and learned age.

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**Who acts:** Legends · **What happens:** be, letter, learn · **To what, where:** product

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Legends), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:1:41
# text = Legends of the former class are the product of a lettered and learned age.
1	Legends	legend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	former	former	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	product	product	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
11	lettered	letter	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	amod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	learned	learn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	conj	_	_
14	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Legends of the former class | the product |  |  | of a lettered age |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **letter** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **learn** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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