---
title: There is one thing to be learned from all this, which is, that we, a… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: There is one thing to be learned from all this, which is, that we, at least, should not suffer these ancient monuments to be destroyed, whose history has been thus so astonishingly preserved. Who acts: one thing, we. A sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1, sentence 58

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There is one thing to be learned from all this, which is, that we, at least, should not suffer these ancient monuments to be destroyed, whose history has been thus so astonishingly preserved.

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**Who acts:** one thing, we · **What happens:** be, learn, not suffer, destroy, preserve · **To what, where:** this, ancient monuments, history

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one thing, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:1:58
# text = There is one thing to be learned from all this, which is, that we, at least, should not suffer these ancient monuments to be destroyed, whose history has been thus so astonishingly preserved.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	learned	learn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	10	det:predet	_	_
10	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
15	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
16	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	at	at	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	least	least	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	16	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
21	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
22	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	23	advmod	_	_
23	suffer	suffer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	conj	_	_
24	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	26	det	_	_
25	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	monuments	monument	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	29	mark	_	_
28	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	aux:pass	_	_
29	destroyed	destroy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
31	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nsubj:pass	_	_
33	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	_
34	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	38	aux:pass	_	_
35	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	_
36	so	so	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	_
37	astonishingly	astonishingly	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	_
38	preserved	preserve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	29	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | one thing |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **learn** | to-infinitive · passive | one thing *not said here* |  |  | this |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.source»: from this=Source |
| 3 | **be** | present | one thing |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **suffer** | should | we | this ancient monuments |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer monument=Stimulus |
| 5 | **destroy** | to-infinitive · passive | we *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP» |
| 6 | **preserve** | present · perfect · passive |  | history |  |  |  | astonishingly, thus *property* | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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