---
title: And yet a tree, though cut down, may be replaced. — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: And yet a tree, though cut down, may be replaced. A sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1, sentence 65

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And yet a tree, though cut down, may be replaced.

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**What happens:** cut down, replace · **To what, where:** tree

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:1:65
# text = And yet a tree, though cut down, may be replaced.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
2	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	though	though	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
8	down	down	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
10	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	replaced	replace	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut down** | participle |  | a tree *not said here* |  |  |  | though *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **replace** | may · passive |  | a tree |  |  | yet |  | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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