---
title: Irishmen are often taunted with the fact that their history is yet u… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: Irishmen are often taunted with the fact that their history is yet unwritten, but that the Irish, as a nation, have been careless of their past is refuted by the facts which I have mentioned. Who acts: fact, facts. A sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic L
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1, sentence 68

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Irishmen are often taunted with the fact that their history is yet unwritten, but that the Irish, as a nation, have been careless of their past is refuted by the facts which I have mentioned.

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**Who acts:** fact, facts · **What happens:** taunt, unwritten, be, refute, mention · **To what, where:** Irishmen, history, Irish careless, facts

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fact, facts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:1:68
# text = Irishmen are often taunted with the fact that their history is yet unwritten, but that the Irish, as a nation, have been careless of their past is refuted by the facts which I have mentioned.
1	Irishmen	irishman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	often	often	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	taunted	taunt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
9	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
12	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	unwritten	unwritten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
15	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
16	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	Irish	Irish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	as	as	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	nation	nation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
24	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	26	cop	_	_
26	careless	careles	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nsubj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	past	past	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
30	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux:pass	_	_
31	refuted	refute	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
32	by	by	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obl	_	_
35	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	38	nsubj:pass	_	_
36	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	38	nsubj	_	_
37	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	_
38	mentioned	mention	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	34	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **taunt** | present · passive |  | Irishmen |  |  |  | with the fact; often *property* | vn bully-59.5 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **unwritten** | present · passive | the fact *not said here* | Irishmen's history |  |  | yet |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | participle |  | Irish careless |  |  |  | of Irishmen's past | tree rules |
| 4 | **refute** | present · passive | the facts | Irish careless |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **mention** *speech: other* | present · perfect · passive |  | the facts |  |  |  | I *nsubj* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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