---
title: From nature they extract her secrets by their necromantic and magica… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: From nature they extract her secrets by their necromantic and magical labours, but nature is as yet too great to be governed and impelled by them. Who acts: Traces, nature. A sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Firbolgs and Third Cycle of the Fomoroh., with its depen
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Firbolgs and Third Cycle of the Fomoroh., sentence 109

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From nature they extract her secrets by their necromantic and magical labours, but nature is as yet too great to be governed and impelled by them.

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**Who acts:** Traces, nature · **What happens:** extract, be, govern, impel · **To what, where:** secrets, nature

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Firbolgs and Third Cycle of the Fomoroh.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Traces, nature), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:10:109
# text = From nature they extract her secrets by their necromantic and magical labours, but nature is as yet too great to be governed and impelled by them.
1	From	from	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	nature	nature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	extract	extract	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	secrets	secret	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
9	necromantic	necromantic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	magical	magical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	_
12	labours	labour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
14	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
15	nature	nature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
17	as	as	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
19	too	too	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
22	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	governed	govern	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	advcl	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	impelled	impel	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	conj	_	_
26	by	by	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **extract** | present | Traces *= trace* | Macha's secrets |  | nature |  | by Traces's necromantic labours | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent secret=Theme from nature=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **is** | present | nature |  |  |  | yet | great *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **govern** | to-infinitive · passive | nature *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn supervision-95.2.2 «NP V NP.theme» |
| 4 | **impel** | participle | nature *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by Traces *= trace* | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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