---
title: Again, when the mediaeval Christians ceased to regard the Tuatha De… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: Again, when the mediaeval Christians ceased to regard the Tuatha De Danan as devils, and proceeded to rationalise the divine record as the ethnic bards had rationalised the history of the early gods; the Tuatha De Danan, shorn of immortality, became ancient heroes who had lived their day and died, a
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Firbolgs and Third Cycle of the Fomoroh., sentence 162

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Again, when the mediaeval Christians ceased to regard the Tuatha De Danan as devils, and proceeded to rationalise the divine record as the ethnic bards had rationalised the history of the early gods; the Tuatha De Danan, shorn of immortality, became ancient heroes who had lived their day and died, and the greater raths, no longer the houses of the gods, figure in that literature irrationally rational, as their tombs.

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**Who acts:** mediaeval Christians, ancient heroes · **What happens:** cease, regard, proceed, rationalise, rationalis, become · **To what, where:** Tuatha Danan, divine record, ethnic bards, ancient heroes

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Firbolgs and Third Cycle of the Fomoroh.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mediaeval Christians, ancient heroes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:10:162
# text = Again, when the mediaeval Christians ceased to regard the Tuatha De Danan as devils, and proceeded to rationalise the divine record as the ethnic bards had rationalised the history of the early gods; the Tuatha De Danan, shorn of immortality, became ancient heroes who had lived their day and died, and the greater raths, no longer the houses of the gods, figure in that literature irrationally rational, as their tombs.
1	Again	again	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	mediaeval	mediaeval	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	Christians	Christian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	ceased	cease	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	regard	regard	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
11	Tuatha	Tuatha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
12	De	De	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	flat	_	_
13	Danan	Danan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	devils	devil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	proceeded	proceed	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	rationalise	rationalise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	xcomp	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	divine	divine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	record	record	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
24	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	bards	bard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nsubj:pass	_	_
28	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	rationalised	rationalis	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	advcl	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
34	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	gods	god	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	40	punct	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
38	Tuatha	Tuatha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	40	compound	_	_
39	De	De	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	38	flat	_	_
40	Danan	Danan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
42	shorn	shorn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	amod	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
44	immortality	immortality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
46	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
47	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	48	amod	_	_
48	heroes	hero	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	46	xcomp	_	_
49	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	51	nsubj	_	_
50	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	51	aux	_	_
51	lived	live	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	48	acl:relcl	_	_
52	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	53	nmod:poss	_	_
53	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	51	obl:unmarked	_	_
54	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	55	cc	_	_
55	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	51	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	75	punct	_	_
57	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	75	cc	_	_
58	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	60	det	_	_
59	greater	great	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	60	amod	_	_
60	raths	rath	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	75	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
61	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	65	punct	_	_
62	no	no	ADV	RB	_	63	advmod	_	_
63	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	65	advmod	_	_
64	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	65	det	_	_
65	houses	house	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	60	conj	_	_
66	of	of	ADP	IN	_	68	case	_	_
67	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	68	det	_	_
68	gods	god	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	65	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
69	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	70	punct	_	_
70	figure	figure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	75	nsubj	_	_
71	in	in	ADP	IN	_	73	case	_	_
72	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	73	det	_	_
73	literature	literature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	70	nmod	_	_
74	irrationally	irrationally	ADV	RB	_	75	advmod	_	_
75	rational	rational	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
76	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	79	punct	_	_
77	as	as	ADP	IN	_	79	case	_	_
78	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	79	nmod:poss	_	_
79	tombs	tomb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	75	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
80	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cease** | past | the mediaeval Christians | the Tuatha Danan |  |  | again |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **regard** | to-infinitive | the mediaeval Christians *not said here* | the Tuatha Danan |  |  |  | as devils | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.value»: agent=Agent danan=Theme as devil=Value |
| 3 | **proceed** | past | the mediaeval Christians *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **rationalise** | to-infinitive | the mediaeval Christians *not said here* | the divine record |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **rationalis** | past · perfect · passive |  | the ethnic bards |  |  |  | the history of the early gods *obj* | tree rules |
| 6 | **become** | past | the mediaeval Christians *not said here* | ancient heroes |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 7 | **live** | past · perfect | ancient heroes |  |  |  | day |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 8 | **die** | past | ancient heroes *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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