---
title: When the cromlech fell into disuse, the arched chamber above the ash… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: When the cromlech fell into disuse, the arched chamber above the ashes of the hero was constructed with enormous stones, as a substitute for the majestic appearance presented by the massive slab and supporting pillars of the more ancient cromlech, and the early stone buildings preserved the same cha
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Firbolgs and Third Cycle of the Fomoroh., sentence 176

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When the cromlech fell into disuse, the arched chamber above the ashes of the hero was constructed with enormous stones, as a substitute for the majestic appearance presented by the massive slab and supporting pillars of the more ancient cromlech, and the early stone buildings preserved the same characteristic to a certain extent.

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**Who acts:** cromlech, early stone buildings · **What happens:** fall, arch, construct, present, support, preserve · **To what, where:** disuse, arched chamber, majestic appearance, pillars, same characteristic

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Firbolgs and Third Cycle of the Fomoroh.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cromlech, early stone buildings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:10:176
# text = When the cromlech fell into disuse, the arched chamber above the ashes of the hero was constructed with enormous stones, as a substitute for the majestic appearance presented by the massive slab and supporting pillars of the more ancient cromlech, and the early stone buildings preserved the same characteristic to a certain extent.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cromlech	cromlech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	advcl	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	disuse	disuse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	arched	arch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	chamber	chamber	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	above	above	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	ashes	ash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	hero	hero	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	constructed	construct	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	enormous	enormous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	as	as	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	substitute	substitute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
26	for	for	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	majestic	majestic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	appearance	appearance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
30	presented	present	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	29	acl	_	_
31	by	by	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	massive	massive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	slab	slab	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
36	supporting	support	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	34	conj	_	_
37	pillars	pillar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	obj	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
40	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	41	advmod	_	_
41	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	42	amod	_	_
42	cromlech	cromlech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
44	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	49	cc	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
46	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	48	amod	_	_
47	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	compound	_	_
48	buildings	building	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	49	nsubj	_	_
49	preserved	preserve	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	_
50	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
51	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	52	amod	_	_
52	characteristic	characteristic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	obj	_	_
53	to	to	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
54	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	56	det	_	_
55	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	56	amod	_	_
56	extent	extent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | past | the cromlech |  |  |  |  | into disuse *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into disuse=Result |
| 2 | **arch** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **construct** | past · passive |  | the arched chamber above the ashes of the hero |  |  |  | with enormous stones; as a substitute for the majestic appearance | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Result as substitute=Attribute |
| 4 | **present** | participle |  | the majestic appearance *not said here* |  |  |  | by the massive slab | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **support** | gerund |  | pillars of the ancient cromlech |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer pillar=Stimulus |
| 6 | **preserve** | past | the early stone buildings | the same characteristic |  |  |  | to a certain extent | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent characteristic=Beneficiary |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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