---
title: In the Irish heroic literature, the presence or absence of the marve… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: In the Irish heroic literature, the presence or absence of the marvellous supplies _no test whatsoever_ as to the general truth or falsehood of the tale in which they appear. Who acts: truth. A sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., pa
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 2, sentence 18

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In the Irish heroic literature, the presence or absence of the marvellous supplies \_no test whatsoever\_ as to the general truth or falsehood of the tale in which they appear.

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**Who acts:** truth · **What happens:** appear · **To what, where:** tale, Irish heroic literature

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (truth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:2:18
# text = In the Irish heroic literature, the presence or absence of the marvellous supplies _no test whatsoever_ as to the general truth or falsehood of the tale in which they appear.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	Irish	Irish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	heroic	heroic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	literature	literature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	presence	presence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	absence	absence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	marvellous	marvellous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	supplies	supplies	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	8	nmod	_	_
15	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	17	det	_	_
17	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	parataxis	_	_
18	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	17	punct	_	_
20	as	as	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	general	general	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
25	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	falsehood	falsehood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	tale	tale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	33	obl	_	_
32	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
33	appear	appear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appear** | present | truth |  |  | the tale |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in which=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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