---
title: In the eighth, the heroic cycles, the Ultonian, the Temairian, and t… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: In the eighth, the heroic cycles, the Ultonian, the Temairian, and the Fenian, and after these the historic tales that, without forming cycles, accompany the course of history down to the extinction of Irish independence, and the transference to aliens of all the great sources of authority in the is
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 2, sentence 33

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In the eighth, the heroic cycles, the Ultonian, the Temairian, and the Fenian, and after these the historic tales that, without forming cycles, accompany the course of history down to the extinction of Irish independence, and the transference to aliens of all the great sources of authority in the island.

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**Who acts:** historic tales, you · **What happens:** form, accompany, extinguish · **To what, where:** cycles, course, eighth, Irish independence

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (historic tales, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:2:33
# text = In the eighth, the heroic cycles, the Ultonian, the Temairian, and the Fenian, and after these the historic tales that, without forming cycles, accompany the course of history down to the extinction of Irish independence, and the transference to aliens of all the great sources of authority in the island.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	eighth	eighth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	heroic	heroic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	cycles	cycle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Ultonian	Ultonian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Temairian	Temairian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	Fenian	Fenian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
20	after	after	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
21	these	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	24	nsubj	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	historic	historic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	tales	tale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
25	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	28	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
28	forming	form	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	24	acl:relcl	_	_
29	cycles	cycle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
31	accompany	accompany	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	_
36	down	down	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
37	to	to	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	extinction	extinction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
40	of	of	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	Irish	Irish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	42	amod	_	_
42	independence	independence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
44	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	transference	transference	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
47	to	to	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
48	aliens	alien	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	46	nmod	_	_
49	of	of	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
50	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	53	det:predet	_	_
51	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	53	det	_	_
52	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	53	amod	_	_
53	sources	source	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	48	nmod	_	_
54	of	of	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
55	authority	authority	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	nmod	_	_
56	in	in	ADP	IN	_	58	case	_	_
57	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	58	det	_	_
58	island	island	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	55	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
59	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	31	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **form** | gerund | the historic tales  these | cycles |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cycle=Theme |
| 2 | **accompany** | imperative | you *not said here* | the course of history |  | the eighth and the heroic cycles  the Ultonian and the Temairian and the Fenian and the historic tales  these |  | to the extinction of Irish independence; the transference to aliens of all great sources of authority in the island *obl*; down *property* | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent course=Theme in eighth=Destination |
| 3 | **extinguish** |  |  | Irish independence |  |  |  |  | nom extinction «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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