---
title: The literature which groups itself around a hero exhibits not only a… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: The literature which groups itself around a hero exhibits not only an unity with itself, but an acquaintance with the general course of the history of the country, and with preceding and succeeding kings. Who acts: literature. A sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Ea
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 2, sentence 58

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The literature which groups itself around a hero exhibits not only an unity with itself, but an acquaintance with the general course of the history of the country, and with preceding and succeeding kings.

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**Who acts:** literature · **What happens:** exhibit, precede, succeed · **To what, where:** unity, kings

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (literature), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:2:58
# text = The literature which groups itself around a hero exhibits not only an unity with itself, but an acquaintance with the general course of the history of the country, and with preceding and succeeding kings.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	literature	literature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	4	det	_	_
4	groups	group	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
5	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	4	nmod	_	_
6	around	around	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hero	hero	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
9	exhibits	exhibit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
11	only	only	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	unity	unity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	acquaintance	acquaintance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
20	with	with	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	general	general	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
33	preceding	precede	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
35	succeeding	succeed	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	33	conj	_	_
36	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exhibit** | present | the literature around a hero and which groups  tale | a unity |  |  |  | with tale; a acquaintance with the general course of the history of the country *obl* | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent unity=Theme |
| 2 | **precede** | gerund | the literature around a hero and which groups  tale *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **succeed** | gerund | the literature around a hero and which groups  tale *not said here* | kings |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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