---
title: This argument has been used by Mr. Gladstone with great confidence,… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: This argument has been used by Mr. Gladstone with great confidence, in order to show the substantial historical truthfulness of the Iliad, and that it is in fact a portion of a continuous historic sequence. Who acts: Mr. Gladstone, argument. A sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Stand
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 2, sentence 67

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This argument has been used by Mr. Gladstone with great confidence, in order to show the substantial historical truthfulness of the Iliad, and that it is in fact a portion of a continuous historic sequence.

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**Who acts:** Mr. Gladstone, argument · **What happens:** use, show, be · **To what, where:** argument, substantial historical truthfulness, fact

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mr. Gladstone, argument), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:2:67
# text = This argument has been used by Mr. Gladstone with great confidence, in order to show the substantial historical truthfulness of the Iliad, and that it is in fact a portion of a continuous historic sequence.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	argument	argument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	Mr.	Mr.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	Gladstone	gladstone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	confidence	confidence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	in	in	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	16	mark	_	_
14	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	fixed	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
18	substantial	substantial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
19	historical	historical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	truthfulness	truthfulness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	Iliad	Iliad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
26	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
27	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
28	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
31	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	portion	portion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	acl	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
34	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
35	continuous	continuous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
36	historic	historic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
37	sequence	sequence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present · perfect · passive | Mr. Gladstone with great confidence | this argument |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
| 2 | **show** | to-infinitive | Mr. Gladstone with great confidence *not said here* | the substantial historical truthfulness of the Iliad |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent truthfulness=Recipient |
| 3 | **is** | present | argument |  |  | fact |  | a portion of a continuous historic sequence *acl* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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