---
title: Now this being admitted, that the course of Irish history, as laid d… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: Now this being admitted, that the course of Irish history, as laid down by the chroniclers, was familiar to the authors of the tales and heroic ballads, one of two things must be admitted, either that the events and kings did succeed one another in the order mentioned by the chroniclers, or that wha
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 2, sentence 68

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Now this being admitted, that the course of Irish history, as laid down by the chroniclers, was familiar to the authors of the tales and heroic ballads, one of two things must be admitted, either that the events and kings did succeed one another in the order mentioned by the chroniclers, or that what the chroniclers laid down was then taken as the theme of song by the bards, and illuminated and adorned according to their wont.

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**Who acts:** events, chroniclers, bards · **What happens:** admit, lay down, be, succeed, mention, take · **To what, where:** this, authors, one, order

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (events, chroniclers, bards), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:2:68
# text = Now this being admitted, that the course of Irish history, as laid down by the chroniclers, was familiar to the authors of the tales and heroic ballads, one of two things must be admitted, either that the events and kings did succeed one another in the order mentioned by the chroniclers, or that what the chroniclers laid down was then taken as the theme of song by the bards, and illuminated and adorned according to their wont.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	admitted	admit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	Irish	Irish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
14	laid	lay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
15	down	down	ADP	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	_
16	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	chroniclers	chronicler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
21	familiar	familiar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	authors	author	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	tales	tale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nmod	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
29	heroic	heroic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	ballads	ballad	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
32	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	27	conj	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	35	nummod	_	_
35	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	nmod	_	_
36	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	_
37	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	38	aux:pass	_	_
38	admitted	admit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	47	punct	_	_
40	either	either	CCONJ	CC	_	47	cc:preconj	_	_
41	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	47	mark	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	events	event	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	47	nsubj	_	_
44	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
45	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	43	conj	_	_
46	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	47	aux	_	_
47	succeed	succeed	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	38	conj	_	_
48	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	47	obj	_	_
49	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	48	fixed	_	_
50	in	in	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
51	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
52	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	obl	_	_
53	mentioned	mention	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	52	acl	_	_
54	by	by	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
55	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	56	det	_	_
56	chroniclers	chronicler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	53	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	60	punct	_	_
58	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	60	cc	_	_
59	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	60	mark	_	_
60	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	67	obl	_	_
61	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	62	det	_	_
62	chroniclers	chronicler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	63	nsubj	_	_
63	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	60	acl:relcl	_	_
64	down	down	ADP	RP	_	63	compound:prt	_	_
65	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	67	aux:pass	_	_
66	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	67	advmod	_	_
67	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	47	parataxis	_	_
68	as	as	ADP	IN	_	70	case	_	_
69	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	70	det	_	_
70	theme	theme	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	67	obl	_	_
71	of	of	ADP	IN	_	72	case	_	_
72	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	70	nmod	_	_
73	by	by	ADP	IN	_	75	case	_	_
74	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	75	det	_	_
75	bards	bard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	67	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
76	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	78	punct	_	_
77	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	78	cc	_	_
78	illuminated	illuminate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	67	conj	_	_
79	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	80	cc	_	_
80	adorned	adorn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	78	conj	_	_
81	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	84	case	_	_
82	to	to	ADP	IN	_	81	fixed	_	_
83	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	84	nmod:poss	_	_
84	wont	wont	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	80	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
85	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **admit** *speech: other* | gerund · passive |  | this |  |  | now | the course of Irish history *obl* | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **lay down** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by the chroniclers | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by chronicler=Destination |
| 3 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  |  | familiar *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **admit** *speech: other* | must · passive |  |  | the authors of the tales and heroic ballads |  |  |  | vn confess-37.10 «NP V PP.recipient»: to author=Recipient |
| 5 | **succeed** | past · do-support | the events and kings | one |  | the order |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **mention** *speech: other* | participle |  | the order *not said here* |  |  |  | by the chroniclers | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **lay down** | past | the chroniclers |  |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **take** | past · passive | the bards |  |  |  | then | as the theme of song; what *obl* | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent as theme=Attribute |
| 9 | **illuminate** | past | the bards *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 10 | **adorn** | past | the bards *not said here* |  |  |  |  | accord events's wont | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 11 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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