---
title: A practice which we can trace to the edge of that period whose histo… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: A practice which we can trace to the edge of that period whose historical character may be proved to demonstration, we may conclude to have extended on into the period immediately preceding that. Who acts: practice, we. A sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bar
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 2, sentence 72

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A practice which we can trace to the edge of that period whose historical character may be proved to demonstration, we may conclude to have extended on into the period immediately preceding that.

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**Who acts:** practice, we · **What happens:** trace, prove, conclude, extend, precede · **To what, where:** practice, period, that

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (practice, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:2:72
# text = A practice which we can trace to the edge of that period whose historical character may be proved to demonstration, we may conclude to have extended on into the period immediately preceding that.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	practice	practice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
3	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
4	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	trace	trace	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl:relcl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	12	det	_	_
12	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	15	nmod:poss	_	_
14	historical	historical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	character	character	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	_
16	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
17	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	proved	prove	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	demonstration	demonstration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	conclude	conclude	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	27	mark	_	_
26	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	aux	_	_
27	extended	extend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	24	xcomp	_	_
28	on	on	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
29	into	into	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
32	immediately	immediately	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
33	preceding	precede	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	27	advcl	_	_
34	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	33	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trace** | can | a practice |  |  |  |  | to the edge of that period; we *nsubj* | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **prove** | may · passive |  | a practice |  |  |  | to demonstration | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **conclude** | may | we |  |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **extend** | to-infinitive · perfect | we *not said here* |  |  | the period |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on period=Location |
| 5 | **precede** | gerund | we *not said here* | that |  |  |  | immediately *property* | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme that=Co-Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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