---
title: The author, from time to time, as if quoting an authority, breaks ou… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: The author, from time to time, as if quoting an authority, breaks out with verse; and I think there is no Irish tale in existence without these rudimentary traces of a prior metrical cycle. Who acts: time, author, I, Irish tale. A sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, 
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 3, sentence 19

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The author, from time to time, as if quoting an authority, breaks out with verse; and I think there is no Irish tale in existence without these rudimentary traces of a prior metrical cycle.

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**Who acts:** time, author, I, Irish tale · **What happens:** quote, break out, think, be · **To what, where:** authority · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (time, author, I, Irish tale), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:3:19
# text = The author, from time to time, as if quoting an authority, breaks out with verse; and I think there is no Irish tale in existence without these rudimentary traces of a prior metrical cycle.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	author	author	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
11	quoting	quote	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	acl:relcl	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	authority	authority	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
15	breaks	break	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	out	out	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	verse	verse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	think	think	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	parataxis	_	_
23	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	24	expl	_	_
24	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	ccomp	_	_
25	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	27	det	_	_
26	Irish	Irish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	tale	tale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
30	without	without	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
31	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	33	det	_	_
32	rudimentary	rudimentary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	traces	trace	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nmod	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
35	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
36	prior	prior	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
37	metrical	metrical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	cycle	cycle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **quote** *speech: other* *a condition, not said to happen* | gerund | time *not said here* | a authority |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent authority=Topic |
| 2 | **break out** | present | the author and time to time |  |  |  |  | with verse | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with verse=Instrument |
| 3 | **think** *speech: other* | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **be** | present | no Irish tale in existence without this rudimentary traces of a prior metrical cycle |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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