---
title: That independence and originality of thought, which caused Milton to… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: That independence and originality of thought, which caused Milton to despise the poets of the Restoration, are impossible in the simple stages of civilisation. Who acts: thought, Milton, independence. A sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ire
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 4, sentence 34

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That independence and originality of thought, which caused Milton to despise the poets of the Restoration, are impossible in the simple stages of civilisation.

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**Who acts:** thought, Milton, independence · **What happens:** cause, despise, be · **To what, where:** Milton, poets, simple stages

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thought, Milton, independence), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:4:34
# text = That independence and originality of thought, which caused Milton to despise the poets of the Restoration, are impossible in the simple stages of civilisation.
1	That	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	independence	independence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	originality	originality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	thought	thought	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	Milton	Milton	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	despise	despise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	poets	poet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	Restoration	restoration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
19	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
20	impossible	impossible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	simple	simple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	stages	stage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	civilisation	civilisation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | past | thought | Milton |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **despise** | to-infinitive | Milton *not said here* | the poets of the Restoration |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer poet=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is** | present | that independence and originality of thought |  |  | the simple stages of civilisation |  | impossible *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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