---
title: Like the central chamber of that huge tumulus [Note: New Grange anci… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: Like the central chamber of that huge tumulus [Note: New Grange anciently Cnobgha, and now also Knowth.] on the Boyne, overarched with massive unhewn rocks, its very ruggedness strikes an awe which the orderly arrangement of smaller and more reasonable thoughts, cut smooth by instruments inherited f
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 4, sentence 61

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Like the central chamber of that huge tumulus \[Note: New Grange anciently Cnobgha, and now also Knowth.\] on the Boyne, overarched with massive unhewn rocks, its very ruggedness strikes an awe which the orderly arrangement of smaller and more reasonable thoughts, cut smooth by instruments inherited from classic times, fails so often to inspire.

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**Who acts:** ruggedness, orderly arrangement · **What happens:** overarch, strike, cut, inherit, fail, inspire · **To what, where:** awe, smaller thoughts, instruments

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ruggedness, orderly arrangement), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:4:61
# text = Like the central chamber of that huge tumulus [Note: New Grange anciently Cnobgha, and now also Knowth.] on the Boyne, overarched with massive unhewn rocks, its very ruggedness strikes an awe which the orderly arrangement of smaller and more reasonable thoughts, cut smooth by instruments inherited from classic times, fails so often to inspire.
1	Like	like	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	central	central	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	chamber	chamber	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
7	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	tumulus	tumulus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
9	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	Note	note	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
12	New	New	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	Grange	Grange	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	_
14	anciently	anciently	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	Cnobgha	Cnobgha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	20	advmod	_	_
19	also	also	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	Knowth	Knowth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	_
23	on	on	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	Boyne	Boyne	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	overarched	overarch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
28	with	with	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
29	massive	massive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
30	unhewn	unhewn	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
33	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	35	nmod:poss	_	_
34	very	very	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
35	ruggedness	ruggedness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nsubj	_	_
36	strikes	strike	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	parataxis	_	_
37	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	awe	awe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obj	_	_
39	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	59	obj	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
41	orderly	orderly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	42	amod	_	_
42	arrangement	arrangement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	59	nsubj	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
44	smaller	small	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	48	amod	_	_
45	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	47	cc	_	_
46	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	47	advmod	_	_
47	reasonable	reasonable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	44	conj	_	_
48	thoughts	thought	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	50	punct	_	_
50	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	48	acl	_	_
51	smooth	smooth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	50	xcomp	_	_
52	by	by	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
53	instruments	instrument	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	50	obl	_	_
54	inherited	inherit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	53	acl	_	_
55	from	from	ADP	IN	_	57	case	_	_
56	classic	classic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	57	amod	_	_
57	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	54	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
58	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	54	punct	_	_
59	fails	fail	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	38	acl:relcl	_	_
60	so	so	ADV	RB	_	61	advmod	_	_
61	often	often	ADV	RB	_	59	advmod	_	_
62	to	to	PART	TO	_	63	mark	_	_
63	inspire	inspire	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	61	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
64	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **overarch** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | massive unhewn rocks *obl:agent* | tree rules |
| 2 | **strike** | present | Boyne's ruggedness | a awe |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent awe=Patient |
| 3 | **cut** | participle |  | smaller thoughts *not said here* |  |  |  | by instruments; smooth *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **inherit** | participle |  | instruments *not said here* |  |  | time |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **fail** | present | the orderly arrangement of smaller thoughts | a awe |  |  |  | often *property* | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Eventuality |
| 6 | **inspire** | to-infinitive | the orderly arrangement of smaller thoughts *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 8 | **arrange** |  |  | smaller thoughts |  |  |  |  | nom arrangement «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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