---
title: This enormous and seemingly chaotic mass of literature is found at a… — Early Bardic Literature, Ireland. · tree and pragmatics
description: This enormous and seemingly chaotic mass of literature is found at all times to possess an inner harmony, a consistency and logical unity, to be apprehended only by careful study. Who acts: careful study. A sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature,
---

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# Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 4, sentence 89

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This enormous and seemingly chaotic mass of literature is found at all times to possess an inner harmony, a consistency and logical unity, to be apprehended only by careful study.

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**Who acts:** careful study · **What happens:** find, possess, apprehend · **To what, where:** enormous mass, inner harmony · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (careful study), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg8109:4:89
# text = This enormous and seemingly chaotic mass of literature is found at all times to possess an inner harmony, a consistency and logical unity, to be apprehended only by careful study.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
2	enormous	enormous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	seemingly	seemingly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	chaotic	chaotic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
6	mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	literature	literature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	det	_	_
13	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	possess	possess	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	ccomp	_	_
16	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	inner	inner	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	harmony	harmony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	consistency	consistency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	appos	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	logical	logical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	unity	unity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
27	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	aux:pass	_	_
28	apprehended	apprehend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	advcl	_	_
29	only	only	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
30	by	by	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	careful	careful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	study	study	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | present · passive |  | this enormous mass of literature |  |  | time |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute clause=Theme |
| 2 | **possess** | to-infinitive |  | a inner harmony |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot harmony=Theme |
| 3 | **apprehend** | to-infinitive · passive | careful study |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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